Comment les croyances des parents concernant l'esprit de leur nourrisson influencent leurs premiers échanges // How caregivers' beliefs about their infants' minds shape their protoconversations with their child
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ABG-139043
ADUM-74748 |
Thesis topic | |
| 2026-05-12 |
Université Grenoble Alpes
Grenoble Cedex 9 - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes - France
Comment les croyances des parents concernant l'esprit de leur nourrisson influencent leurs premiers échanges // How caregivers' beliefs about their infants' minds shape their protoconversations with their child
- Psychology, neurosciences
développement, communication, parentalité
development, communication, caregiving
development, communication, caregiving
Topic description
La quantité, la contingence, et la prosodie avec laquelle les parents parlent avec leurs enfants jouent un rôle central pour leur acquisition du langage, ainsi que d'autres dimensions de leur développement. Par exemple, la quantité de langage entendu par un nourrisson est le premier prédicteur de la taille de son vocabulaire, au-delà de facteurs comme le niveau d'éducation ou le multilinguisme. On sait également que la façon qu'ont les parents de parler avec leur nourrisson varie fortement d'une famille à l'autre, et comprendre l'origine de cette variabilité est crucial, car les différences précoces de compétences langagières contribuent ensuite à construire des inégalités dans d'autres domaines. Les avancées récentes en traitement automatique des langues permettent désormais d'analyser finement les interactions vocales et verbales entre les parents et leurs nourrissons enregistrées à leur domicile. Ce type d'approche permet de décrire le type de parole adressée à un nourrisson dans son quotidien, mais elle ne suffit pas à expliquer pourquoi les parents parlent différemment à leur enfant. Un facteur explicatif potentiel, qui a largement été négligé jusqu'à aujourd'hui, est celui des croyances parentales concernant l'esprit et l'apprentissage de leur nourrisson (Croyances à propos de l'Esprit et de l'Apprentissage du Nourrisson, CEAN). Il est possible que ces croyances, et en particulier, l'adhérence à des théories intuitives innéistes (mettant l'accent sur la maturation biologique) ou empiristes (mettant l'accent sur l'apprentissage), façonnent la façon dont les parents parlent avec leur enfant. En outre, ces croyances sont particulièrement intéressantes car elles sont, en principe, modifiables, ce qui pourrait donner lieu à des recherches appliquées intéressante dans le futur. S'inscrivant à la croisée de la psychologie du développement et de la philosophie expérimentale, ce projet repose sur l'hypothèse que les CEANs s'organisent autour de tendances innéistes ou empiristes, héritées de la tradition philosophique opposant l'inné et l'acquis. Il vise trois objectifs : (1) développer et valider un questionnaire (BIMLq) permettant de mesurer ces croyances dans la population générale ; (2) étudier leur distribution, leurs déterminants sociodémographiques, et leur évolution en fonction de l'âge de l'enfant ; (3) examiner leur impact sur les pratiques langagières parentales et le développement vocal et lexical des nourrissons, à l'aide d'une étude longitudinale dans laquelle nous collecterons des enregistrements à domicile, le questionnaire BIMLq, ainsi que des mesures concernant le développement langagier de nourrissons entre 4 et 18 mois. Cette combinaison unique de méthodes et de concepts apportera des contributions empiriques et théoriques inédites, avec des perspectives applicatives pour l'amélioration des pratiques parentales en lien avec l'acquisition du langage.
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The quantity, contingency and prosody of parents' speech during proto-conversations with their infants play a key role in their early language acquisition, as well as other developmental outcomes. For instance, the quantity of language heard by typically developing infants is the best predictor of their own verbal production a few months later, over and beyond other predictors such as maternal education, or multilingualism. We also know that the way parents speak to their infant varies greatly from one family to another, and understanding the origin of this variability is crucial, since early differences in language abilities subsequently contribute to the structuration of inequalities in other domains. Recent advances in natural language processing make it possible to conduct fine-grained analyses of vocal and verbal interactions between parents and their infants recorded in the home. With this kind of approach, we can describe the type of speech addressed to an infant in everyday life, but it is not sufficient to explain why parents speak differently to their child. One potential explanatory factor, which has largely been neglected to date, concerns parental Beliefs about their Infant's Mind and Learning (BIML). Our working hypothesis is that these beliefs, and in particular adherence to intuitive nativist theories (emphasizing biological maturation) versus empiricist theories (emphasizing learning), shape the way parents speak to their child. These beliefs are particularly interesting because they are, in principle, changeable, which could give rise to interesting applied research in the future. Conceived at the intersection of developmental psychology and experimental philosophy, this project is based on the hypothesis that parents' BIMLs are systematically organized around nativist or empiricist tendencies, inherited from the philosophical tradition opposing “the innate” and “the acquired”. We have three objectives: (1) to develop and validate a questionnaire (BIMLq) allowing us to measure these beliefs systematically in the general population; (2) to use this questionnaire to study the distribution, sociodemographic determinants, and evolution of parents' BIML as a function of their child's age; (3) to examine the impact of BIMLs on caregiving practices and infants' vocal and lexical development, using a longitudinal study in which we will collect home recordings, the BIMLq questionnaire, as well as measures of language development in infants between 4 and 18 months. This unique combination of methods and concepts will provide novel empirical and theoretical contributions, as well as perspectives for applied research aiming to improve early caregiving practices.
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Début de la thèse : 01/10/2026
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The quantity, contingency and prosody of parents' speech during proto-conversations with their infants play a key role in their early language acquisition, as well as other developmental outcomes. For instance, the quantity of language heard by typically developing infants is the best predictor of their own verbal production a few months later, over and beyond other predictors such as maternal education, or multilingualism. We also know that the way parents speak to their infant varies greatly from one family to another, and understanding the origin of this variability is crucial, since early differences in language abilities subsequently contribute to the structuration of inequalities in other domains. Recent advances in natural language processing make it possible to conduct fine-grained analyses of vocal and verbal interactions between parents and their infants recorded in the home. With this kind of approach, we can describe the type of speech addressed to an infant in everyday life, but it is not sufficient to explain why parents speak differently to their child. One potential explanatory factor, which has largely been neglected to date, concerns parental Beliefs about their Infant's Mind and Learning (BIML). Our working hypothesis is that these beliefs, and in particular adherence to intuitive nativist theories (emphasizing biological maturation) versus empiricist theories (emphasizing learning), shape the way parents speak to their child. These beliefs are particularly interesting because they are, in principle, changeable, which could give rise to interesting applied research in the future. Conceived at the intersection of developmental psychology and experimental philosophy, this project is based on the hypothesis that parents' BIMLs are systematically organized around nativist or empiricist tendencies, inherited from the philosophical tradition opposing “the innate” and “the acquired”. We have three objectives: (1) to develop and validate a questionnaire (BIMLq) allowing us to measure these beliefs systematically in the general population; (2) to use this questionnaire to study the distribution, sociodemographic determinants, and evolution of parents' BIML as a function of their child's age; (3) to examine the impact of BIMLs on caregiving practices and infants' vocal and lexical development, using a longitudinal study in which we will collect home recordings, the BIMLq questionnaire, as well as measures of language development in infants between 4 and 18 months. This unique combination of methods and concepts will provide novel empirical and theoretical contributions, as well as perspectives for applied research aiming to improve early caregiving practices.
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Début de la thèse : 01/10/2026
Funding category
Funding further details
Plan Investissement d'Avenir (Idex, Labex)
Presentation of host institution and host laboratory
Université Grenoble Alpes
Institution awarding doctoral degree
Université Grenoble Alpes
Graduate school
216 ISCE - Ingénierie pour la Santé la Cognition et l'Environnement
Candidate's profile
Le ou la candidate aura un master recherche en psychologie ou neurosciences, ainsi qu'une expérience déjà substantielle de la recherche avec les nourrissons et familles. Une expérience d'analyse de données sera aussi requise, ainsi que de bonnes compétences relationelles.
The successful candidate will hold a research-based master's degree in psychology or neuroscience, as well as substantial experience of conducting research with infants and families. Experience in data analysis will also be required, as well as good interpersonal skills.
The successful candidate will hold a research-based master's degree in psychology or neuroscience, as well as substantial experience of conducting research with infants and families. Experience in data analysis will also be required, as well as good interpersonal skills.
2026-06-01
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